The low-molecular-weight organic acids, alcohols, and molecular hydrogen that are produced during fermentation ultimately determine the rate of other metabolic reactions.Īlthough often ignored as an important pathway for the production of CO 2, a number of recent studies have suggested that fermentation (together with reduction of humic acids Lovley et al., 1996) can account for a significant fraction of anaerobic carbon mineralization in wetland sediments ( Keller and Bridgham, 2007). During fermentation ATP is produced, but fermentation pathways have very low energy yield. Fermentation occurs inside microbial cells and does not require an external supply of electron acceptors. Fermenting bacteria in wetlands are obligate anaerobes that use a variety of organic substrates, including alcohols, sugars, and organic and amino acids, and convert them into CO 2 and various reduced fermentation products (predominantly organic acids and alcohols, molecular hydrogen, and CO 2) ( Zehnder and Stumm, 1988 Megonigal et al., 2003a). Bernhardt, in Biogeochemistry (Fourth Edition), 2020 Fermentationįermentation of organic matter ( Table 7.4) is a required precursor or accompaniment for each of the subsequent anaerobic metabolic pathways in Table 7.3 ( Fig.
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